Thank you for the info about the doctors @anon30378544 , interesting that you met two patients who’ve had the surgery there! It sounds promising that Dr Nazaryan would consider removing partially your digastric muscle, out of interest though what are his concerns about shortening the hyoid processes?
I’ll add the other doctors onto our list.
I can’t say for sure. But the maxillofacial surgeons are afraid to touch the greater horns of the hyoid bone, even though they have resected the anterior part/body of the hyoid bone. It’s very strange. Perhaps they haven’t had enough experience with the greater horns of the hyoid bone yet, since it’s located near the common carotid arteries. He said it’s dangerous, extremely dangerous. I can’t say exactly why…
When I first saw Dr. Nazaryan, I simply didn’t come across any patients with a scar on their neck (I was looking for them).
. And yesterday I saw two people with scars on their necks. So I decided to ask them some questions. )))
Vascular Eagle’s syndrome: difficult diagnosis in patient with recurrent transient ischaemic attack
Authors: T Lyons thomas.lyons@uhb.nhs.uk, T Saunders, E Littleton, P Monksfield, and A TiwariAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England
Ahead of Print
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2025.0113
2022 Aug 30;62(7):1067–1071. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression Causing Recurred Syncope (www pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih(dot)gov/articles/PMC10125819/)
2025 Jul 17;20(10):4962–4966. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2025.06.078
An unusual case of ischemic stroke resulting from hyoid bone compression of the internal carotid artery
2025 Nov 21;12:519–524. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0175
Vascular Eagle Syndrome in Elderly Patients Diagnosed by Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Angiography: A Case Report and Literature Review
Case Author, year Age, sex Comorbidity Symptoms Neck movement at onset Mechanism Side Diagnostic modality Treatment Reference
1 Chuang et al., 2007 77 yrs., M None TIA (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and numbness) Rotation to left and flexion Compression Lt. CTA in the neutral and symptomatic positions Styloidectomy (11)
2 Todo et al., 2012 80 yrs., M Acromegaly TIA (dizziness and near syncope) Yes Compression Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (12)
3 Ogura et al., 2015 80 yrs., M Cholecystectomy, HTN, and prostatomegaly TIA (positional vertigo) Yes Dissecting AN Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (13)
4 Kavi et al., 2016 70 yrs., M CKD CI (aphasia and rt. hemiplegia) N/A Compression Lt. CTA N/A (14)
5 Mann et al., 2017 73 yrs., F None TIA (dizziness and lightheadedness) Rotation to left N/A N/A N/A N/A (15)
6 Aldakkan et al., 2017 85 yrs., M ICH, CKD, and DLP CI (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and rt. conjugate deviation) None Dissecting AN Rt. CTA ASA (16)
7 Budincˇevic´ et al., 2018 85 yrs., M None CI (dysarthria and confusion) None Compression by ECA dissecting AN Rt. CTA and MRA ASA (17)
8 Okada et al., 2022 72 yrs., M N/A CI (dysarthria and consciousness disorder) None Compression Lt. CTA 1) ASA, CLO, and argatroban 2) CAS (18)
9 Present case 74 yrs., M CKD, DM, and mental retardation CI (aphasia and rt. hemiparesis) None Compression Lt. Dynamic MRA Styloidectomy
Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression causing Recurred Syncope: A Case Report
Jinmei Sun, Chengjie Zhang, Beibei Liu, Yao Li, Tingting Zhang, Jun Tian, Hongyan Bi
Author information
Keywords: Eagle syndrome, syncope, elongated styloid process, styloid-carotid syndrome, Case report
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS Advance online publication
Article ID: 9567-22 DOI 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
Dynamic assessment of internal carotid artery and elongated styloid process in a case of bilateral carotid artery dissection
June 2020Surgical Neurology International 11:163
DOI:10.25259/SNI_42_2020
2023 Dec 17;19(3):927–933. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.11.028
Bilateral carotid dissection due to Eagle syndrome
Volume 16 - 2025 | DOI 10.3389/fneur.2025.1573667 Anatomical characteristics of the styloid process in cerebral infarction related to carotid artery dissection: a case-control study
C123 Eagle syndrome: a case of carotid compression from elongated styloid process with distal embolic occlusions in middle cerebral arterial (mca) territory (Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2025;17:A183-A184.)
Eagle syndrome causing cerebral infarction attributed to the synergistic effect of mild compression of the styloid process and carotid artery arteriosclerosis: a case report
Case report
Open access
Published: 16 April 2026
Volume 20, article number 286 (2026)
Cite this article
22 September 2026 DOI 10.3390/app16199415
Styloid Process Abnormalities and Carotid Artery Dissection in Ischemic Stroke: A Combined Narrative Review and Retrospective Cohort Study
www ohni(dot)org/head-neck-surgery/patient-education/what-is-eagle-syndrome-symptoms-causes-diagnosis
Functional Compression of the Right Internal Carotid Artery by the Hyoid Bone in a Patient with Moyamoya Syndrome and Low Internal Carotid Artery Bifurcation: A Case Report DOI 10.2147/VHRM.S520022
Nazaryan D.N., Karayan A.S., Fedosov A.V. Surgical methods for the treatment of stylohyoid syndrome. Clinical Practice. 2019; 10(2):21–26. doi: 10.17816/clinpract10221–26
Depending on the clinical manifestations, the scientist divided the syndrome into two groups: the classic stylohyoid and the stylo‑carotid syndrome. In the classic syndrome, patients report persistent pain in the pharyngeal area, which intensifies when swallowing and turning the head.
In the case of stylo‑carotid syndrome, which involves direct compression of the internal carotid artery by an elongated styloid process, paroxysmal pain may occur in the temporal, orbital, or occipital regions, along with dizziness or loss of consciousness during prolonged turning of the head in the opposite direction [4]. W. Eagle described the dimensions of the styloid process.
Two more patients had pain symptoms, and a CT scan revealed their styloid processes. They haven’t had surgery yet, but Dr. Nazaryan will definitely help them; I think he’ll operate on them. One of them saw our scars and was very scared; she looked at us so fearfully that it made me laugh. )))
I’d rather have a scar than be in pain! It’s surprising the variations in incisions for the ES surgery…
Sensitive of people
Vascular Eagle’s syndrome: difficult diagnosis in patient with recurrent transient ischaemic attack
Authors: T Lyons thomas.lyons@uhb.nhs.uk, T Saunders, E Littleton, P Monksfield, and A TiwariAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England
Ahead of Print
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2025.0113
2022 Aug 30;62(7):1067–1071. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression Causing Recurred Syncope (www pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih(dot)gov/articles/PMC10125819/)
2025 Jul 17;20(10):4962–4966. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2025.06.078
An unusual case of ischemic stroke resulting from hyoid bone compression of the internal carotid artery
2025 Nov 21;12:519–524. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0175
Vascular Eagle Syndrome in Elderly Patients Diagnosed by Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Angiography: A Case Report and Literature Review
Case Author, year Age, sex Comorbidity Symptoms Neck movement at onset Mechanism Side Diagnostic modality Treatment Reference
1 Chuang et al., 2007 77 yrs., M None TIA (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and numbness) Rotation to left and flexion Compression Lt. CTA in the neutral and symptomatic positions Styloidectomy (11)
2 Todo et al., 2012 80 yrs., M Acromegaly TIA (dizziness and near syncope) Yes Compression Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (12)
3 Ogura et al., 2015 80 yrs., M Cholecystectomy, HTN, and prostatomegaly TIA (positional vertigo) Yes Dissecting AN Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (13)
4 Kavi et al., 2016 70 yrs., M CKD CI (aphasia and rt. hemiplegia) N/A Compression Lt. CTA N/A (14)
5 Mann et al., 2017 73 yrs., F None TIA (dizziness and lightheadedness) Rotation to left N/A N/A N/A N/A (15)
6 Aldakkan et al., 2017 85 yrs., M ICH, CKD, and DLP CI (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and rt. conjugate deviation) None Dissecting AN Rt. CTA ASA (16)
7 Budincˇevic´ et al., 2018 85 yrs., M None CI (dysarthria and confusion) None Compression by ECA dissecting AN Rt. CTA and MRA ASA (17)
8 Okada et al., 2022 72 yrs., M N/A CI (dysarthria and consciousness disorder) None Compression Lt. CTA 1) ASA, CLO, and argatroban 2) CAS (18)
9 Present case 74 yrs., M CKD, DM, and mental retardation CI (aphasia and rt. hemiparesis) None Compression Lt. Dynamic MRA Styloidectomy
Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression causing Recurred Syncope: A Case Report
Jinmei Sun, Chengjie Zhang, Beibei Liu, Yao Li, Tingting Zhang, Jun Tian, Hongyan Bi
Author information
Keywords: Eagle syndrome, syncope, elongated styloid process, styloid-carotid syndrome, Case report
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS Advance online publication
Article ID: 9567-22 DOI 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
Dynamic assessment of internal carotid artery and elongated styloid process in a case of bilateral carotid artery dissection
June 2020Surgical Neurology International 11:163
DOI:10.25259/SNI_42_2020
2023 Dec 17;19(3):927–933. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.11.028
Bilateral carotid dissection due to Eagle syndrome
Volume 16 - 2025 | DOI 10.3389/fneur.2025.1573667 Anatomical characteristics of the styloid process in cerebral infarction related to carotid artery dissection: a case-control study
C123 Eagle syndrome: a case of carotid compression from elongated styloid process with distal embolic occlusions in middle cerebral arterial (mca) territory (Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2025;17:A183-A184.)
Eagle syndrome causing cerebral infarction attributed to the synergistic effect of mild compression of the styloid process and carotid artery arteriosclerosis: a case report
Case report
Open access
Published: 16 April 2026
Volume 20, article number 286 (2026)
Cite this article
22 September 2026 DOI 10.3390/app16199415
Styloid Process Abnormalities and Carotid Artery Dissection in Ischemic Stroke: A Combined Narrative Review and Retrospective Cohort Study
www ohni(dot)org/head-neck-surgery/patient-education/what-is-eagle-syndrome-symptoms-causes-diagnosis
Functional Compression of the Right Internal Carotid Artery by the Hyoid Bone in a Patient with Moyamoya Syndrome and Low Internal Carotid Artery Bifurcation: A Case Report DOI 10.2147/VHRM.S520022
Nazaryan D.N., Karayan A.S., Fedosov A.V. Surgical methods for the treatment of stylohyoid syndrome. Clinical Practice. 2019; 10(2):21–26. doi: 10.17816/clinpract10221–26
Depending on the clinical manifestations, the scientist divided the syndrome into two groups: the classic stylohyoid and the stylo‑carotid syndrome. In the classic syndrome, patients report persistent pain in the pharyngeal area, which intensifies when swallowing and turning the head.
In the case of stylo‑carotid syndrome, which involves direct compression of the internal carotid artery by an elongated styloid process, paroxysmal pain may occur in the temporal, orbital, or occipital regions, along with dizziness or loss of consciousness during prolonged turning of the head in the opposite direction [4]. W. Eagle described the dimensions of the styloid process.
Stylocarotid Syndrome was recognized much earlier than Stylojugular Syndrome & used to be believed be the major form of vascular compression. From our experience on this forum, Stylojugular Syndrome is much more common.