Thanks to @anon30378544 for these:
•Vascular Eagle’s syndrome: difficult diagnosis in patient with recurrent transient ischaemic attack
Authors: T Lyons thomas.lyons@uhb.nhs.uk, T Saunders, E Littleton, P Monksfield, and A TiwariAuthors Info & Affiliations
Publication: The Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England
Ahead of Print
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2025.0113
•2022 Aug 30;62(7):1067–1071. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression Causing Recurred Syncope (www pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih(dot)gov/articles/PMC10125819/)
•2025 Jul 17;20(10):4962–4966. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2025.06.078
An unusual case of ischemic stroke resulting from hyoid bone compression of the internal carotid artery
•2025 Nov 21;12:519–524. doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2025-0175
Vascular Eagle Syndrome in Elderly Patients Diagnosed by Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Angiography: A Case Report and Literature Review
•Case Author, year Age, sex Comorbidity Symptoms Neck movement at onset Mechanism Side Diagnostic modality Treatment Reference
1 Chuang et al., 2007 77 yrs., M None TIA (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and numbness) Rotation to left and flexion Compression Lt. CTA in the neutral and symptomatic positions Styloidectomy (11)
2 Todo et al., 2012 80 yrs., M Acromegaly TIA (dizziness and near syncope) Yes Compression Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (12)
3 Ogura et al., 2015 80 yrs., M Cholecystectomy, HTN, and prostatomegaly TIA (positional vertigo) Yes Dissecting AN Lt. CTA Styloidectomy (13)
4 Kavi et al., 2016 70 yrs., M CKD CI (aphasia and rt. hemiplegia) N/A Compression Lt. CTA N/A (14)
5 Mann et al., 2017 73 yrs., F None TIA (dizziness and lightheadedness) Rotation to left N/A N/A N/A N/A (15)
6 Aldakkan et al., 2017 85 yrs., M ICH, CKD, and DLP CI (aphasia, rt. hemiparesis, and rt. conjugate deviation) None Dissecting AN Rt. CTA ASA (16)
7 Budincˇevic´ et al., 2018 85 yrs., M None CI (dysarthria and confusion) None Compression by ECA dissecting AN Rt. CTA and MRA ASA (17)
8 Okada et al., 2022 72 yrs., M N/A CI (dysarthria and consciousness disorder) None Compression Lt. CTA 1) ASA, CLO, and argatroban 2) CAS (18)
9 Present case 74 yrs., M CKD, DM, and mental retardation CI (aphasia and rt. hemiparesis) None Compression Lt. Dynamic MRA Styloidectomy
•Eagle Syndrome with Internal Carotid Artery Compression causing Recurred Syncope: A Case Report
Jinmei Sun, Chengjie Zhang, Beibei Liu, Yao Li, Tingting Zhang, Jun Tian, Hongyan Bi
Author information
Keywords: Eagle syndrome, syncope, elongated styloid process, styloid-carotid syndrome, Case report
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS Advance online publication
Article ID: 9567-22 DOI 10.2169/internalmedicine.9567-22
•Dynamic assessment of internal carotid artery and elongated styloid process in a case of bilateral carotid artery dissection
June 2020Surgical Neurology International 11:163
DOI:10.25259/SNI_42_2020
•2023 Dec 17;19(3):927–933. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.11.028
Bilateral carotid dissection due to Eagle syndrome
•Volume 16 - 2025 | DOI 10.3389/fneur.2025.1573667 Anatomical characteristics of the styloid process in cerebral infarction related to carotid artery dissection: a case-control study
•C123 Eagle syndrome: a case of carotid compression from elongated styloid process with distal embolic occlusions in middle cerebral arterial (mca) territory (Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2025;17:A183-A184.)
•Eagle syndrome causing cerebral infarction attributed to the synergistic effect of mild compression of the styloid process and carotid artery arteriosclerosis: a case report
Case report
Open access
Published: 16 April 2026
Volume 20, article number 286 (2026)
Cite this article
22 September 2026 DOI 10.3390/app16199415
•Styloid Process Abnormalities and Carotid Artery Dissection in Ischemic Stroke: A Combined Narrative Review and Retrospective Cohort Study
www Osborne Head & Neck Institute | Head & Neck Surgery Los Angeles
•Functional Compression of the Right Internal Carotid Artery by the Hyoid Bone in a Patient with Moyamoya Syndrome and Low Internal Carotid Artery Bifurcation: A Case Report DOI 10.2147/VHRM.S520022
Nazaryan D.N., Karayan A.S., Fedosov A.V. Surgical methods for the treatment of stylohyoid syndrome. Clinical Practice. 2019; 10(2):21–26. doi: 10.17816/clinpract10221–26