Sharing My Journey. Thoughts Welcome!

Hi everyone,

My name is Otto, I’m a 20-year-old male from Brazil, and I’ve spent the last two and a half years trying to figure out what is happening to my body. After seeing more than a dozen doctors across several specialties, I now strongly suspect Eagle syndrome, and I would really value this community’s perspective on my case, my CT findings, and some 3D reconstructions I made from my own DICOM files.

Everything traces back to a tonsillectomy I had about two and a half years ago. For the first few months I was fine, but somewhere around three to five months post-op, strange symptoms began to appear. The earliest one was in my eyes: a subtle, almost phantom pressure on the left side that I struggled to put into words. Over time it progressed into genuine pain, became a daily occurrence, and eventually spread to both eyes. My vision started feeling wrong in a way I couldn’t articulate at the time.

Not long after, a very similar phantom pressure appeared on the left side of my neck, as if a finger were pressing into the infra-auricular and submandibular region, high in the anterior cervical area, essentially right where the styloid process sits. That sensation escalated the same way the eye symptoms did. Today the picture includes frequent neck stiffness and pressure, cervical discomfort concentrated on the left, marked tension in the anterior neck muscles, and near-daily twitching or fasciculations in that same muscle group. The region is tender to palpation, and pressing certain spots can actually set off a pain flare. Swallowing often hurts, with a needle-like stabbing near the Adam’s apple, and I get submental pain that at its worst feels like a Phillips screwdriver being twisted into the muscle. A persistent globus sensation in the throat rounds out the list.

The head and ear symptoms came along with all of this. I have fairly intense headaches almost every day, and certain positions, like crouching down or holding my neck a particular way, can trigger a flare of head pain accompanied by dizziness, visual disturbance, and strong pressure in my head and eyes. About a year ago my ears started clicking frequently, and when I lie down I often feel a rhythmic throbbing in my ear that matches descriptions of pulsatile tinnitus quite closely.

The ocular symptoms deserve their own paragraph because they are the most debilitating part of this whole picture, and the most thoroughly investigated. Multiple ophthalmologists, including a neuro-ophthalmologist, have ruled out primary ophthalmological causes one by one. What they did find was Binocular Vision Dysfunction, with orthoptic testing showing a considerable degree of convergence insufficiency. In hindsight, I believe the “indescribable” visual sensations from the beginning were a phoria, something I never had before any of this started. I completed roughly six months of vision therapy without significant improvement. Beyond the binocular issues, I deal with strong light sensitivity, frequent eyelid twitching, heavy ocular and retro-orbital pressure, and at times a sensation as though my eyes are about to burst or be pulled out of their sockets. One detail that keeps pointing me toward Eagle syndrome is that everything fluctuates together: on bad days the neck, throat, and eye symptoms all intensify at once, and on good days they can be mild or nearly absent.

Getting to this hypothesis took a long time. Over these two years I saw ENTs, neurologists, orthopedists, a rheumatologist, several ophthalmologists, and eventually a psychiatrist, since my neurologist didn’t seem to believe my pain had a physiological cause. After many dead ends and a few incorrect diagnoses, I sought out Dr. Irlon Oliveira in Curitiba, one of the few doctors in Brazil with real experience in Eagle syndrome. Following an online consultation, he ordered a cranial and cervical CT with venous and arterial angiography.

The radiology report reads: “Partial calcification/ossification of the cranial portion of the stylohyoid ligaments bilaterally, slightly more pronounced on the left. The stylohyoid complex measures approximately 29 mm on the right and 31 mm on the left. No compression of the internal carotid arteries or internal jugular veins is observed***.***”

By the numbers alone, the length doesn’t scream elongation. What catches my attention, though, is the thickness. Comparing my scans with images other members have shared, my styloid process looks unusually thick to me, but I fully admit I don’t have the expertise to judge that. I pulled my DICOM files and put together some 3D reconstructions on my own computer, still very much learning as I go, and I would love to share the screenshots here. Does thickness or calcification pattern stand out to anyone with more experience reading these scans, even in the absence of dramatic elongation?

Thank you for reading this far. Any insight is genuinely appreciated.

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Hi, and welcome!
I agree that your styloids aren’t super long, but they are extremely thick as you’ve spotted! The internal jugular vein , the vagus nerve and the internal carotid artery are all close together and emerge from the jugular foramen, a small hole in the base of the skull which is right next to the styloid process…so it’s easy to see if a styloid process is very thick or angled it could easily compress these blood vessels where they emerge from the skull.
I’m not very good at recognising the individual blood vessels in the axial images you’ve posted, but if you’re interested, one of our members posted a tutorial about this:
Axial CT tutorial - General - Living with Eagle
The styloids look pretty thick on these images too, to me the IJV looks slightly flattened indicating compression between the styloid process and the C1 process…
Your neck does also look quite straight to me, which means it’s lost it’s natural curve, which is quite common but can worsen symptoms. There’s some info about this and some neck exercises which you can do to restore the curve which sometimes helps:
List of my favourite resources on YouTube to learn anatomy - General - Living with Eagle
Have you got a follow up appointment arranged with Dr Oliviera to discuss the CT? I hope that he reviews the images himself, and doesn’t just rely on the report- lots of members have had reports from radiologists saying nothing remarkable is seen, when the have elongated styloids & vascular compression… your symptoms certainly indicate vascular compression, as well as the more common ‘classic’ ES symptoms!

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@Otto - You have a lot going on in your neck that, in my opinion, was left mentioned by the radiologist. I’d say this part, in particular, is incorrect:

I’ve annotated your images & will comment below the annotated image regarding what I see. Remember I’m not a doctor & anything I comment on can’t be considered diagnostic but can be discussed w/ any doctor you see for a true medical opinion.

I fully agree with all that @Jules said especially about how thick your styloids are. I’m not sure I’ve seen any as thick as yours & as she noted, the thickness alone can cause the styloids to be closer to the transverse processes (TPs) of C1 thus creating a higher risk of vascular compression especially of the IJVs at the level of C1. I also agree that your cervical spine is very straight & working carefully & gently at restoring the lordotic curve could help reduce your symptoms to some degree, but ultimately, it will likely be surgery to remove your styloids as close to skull base as possible that will make the biggest difference. C1 may also need to be shaved to give more room to your IJVs.

In the upper left image, the styloid appears to possibly be touching the internal carotid artery (ICA) whereas the greater horn of the hyoid looks like it may be up against the external carotid artery though, in both, cases it may just be the angle of the image that makes it look like that. If either the styloid or hyoid greater horn are in contact w/ any part of your carotid arteries, whether or not they’re causing compression, they can cause irritation to it which can cause some of the symptoms you’re having in your head & eyes. In that left top image, your IJV looks ok to me, however in the lower portion w/ the axial slices (the 2 middle images), both IJVs appear to be suffering some compression in part due to your styloids & in part due to C1. Because the styloids are so thick, if they were cut back above the TP of C1 on each side, the IJVs might decompress w/o a surgeon needing to touch the TPs of C1.

In the second picture at the top, it appears you may have a carotid “fenestration” which is occurring as the ECA attaches to the ICA (marked w/ an arrow) rather than remaining a separate vessel. I don’t know if that would be significant in causing symptoms but it’s worth noting. I can’t see your hyoid on that side so can’t comment on the position of the greater horn.
Your IJV on that side is quite small in circumference compared to the other side. This is not uncommon. Many people have a more dominant, larger IJV (though sometimes the smaller one is dominant) T.hat vessel could potentially enlarge if your styloid was removed near the skull base on that side.

In the axial slices, the spots that I’ve marked “IJV” pretty clearly show compression of the veins as they are ovals vs being round. In the right hand middle picture, the left IJV, in particular, is pretty flat. I suspect the right one might also be though it’s less so in that particular picture.

Please let me know if you have any questions. I know my descriptions of what I see may be a little confusing.

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@Otto I just wanted to say how impressed I am by your fortitude. What you are going through is difficult enough on its own, but the persistence, intelligence, and determination you have shown in trying to understand it especially at only 20 years old is genuinely inspiring. Your ability to keep advocating for yourself after so many dead ends says a great deal about you. I also think this experience will give you an extraordinary perspective when you are able to pursue a career in medicine. The field needs people who understand what it is like to be the patient who has to keep searching for answers while dealing with debilitating symptoms.

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