Multiple Diagnoses + 3D Images

Hi, I’m GeorgiaKay and I’m fairly new here, just having found out in October of this year that I have Eagle’s Syndrome, among a host of other symptoms. I’ve been following posts on Living with Eagle for a time now…

Headaches have been a chief complaint as well, though I had a neurologist inform my husband & I in August that there is no such thing as a ‘headache’ – “they’re MIGRAINES,” he said. In fact, before he concluded the visit, he paused at the door and said, “If you don’t believe me, go home and use ChatGPT to research headaches and migraines.” We were floored he basically washed his hands of us, getting nowhere in a helpful diagnosis and went so far as to tell us to use AI to find answers to our questions!
Well, we did more research after that visit, convinced not all stones were turned yet. In our research, we learned about Dr. Jeffrey Middleton in Fort Lauderdale, FL, who specializes in using 4 phase, 3D CT scan imaging to diagnose his patients. Within 2 weeks of learning about him and watching a few of his videos as he went over his 3D CT scans, we wondered if he could help us too, and so reached out to him. By the first week of Sept., we were in FL, getting his specialty CT scan done.

That scan revealed a lot more than either my husband or I imagined it would, but “seeing is believing” they say. Dr. Middleton, in a nutshell, told me I have a connective tissue disorder going on and that there’s hypermobility as well. “Likely EDS,” he said, though which kind we didn’t test for yet… A few of the findings, before I attach some imaging, is a totally compressed jugular on the left side (which he confirmed with ultrasound, after a doctor in Germany first discovering it in May of this year); the first ribs dropped from the normal facet; atlas hypermobility, with rotational instability; Eagle’s Syndrome - which he mentioned a couple weeks ago as being an added diagnosis; significant compression of the brachiocephalic vein, measuring barely 2 mm; bone spur growing on C2, where the bony bridge is incomplete – he’s concerned it could impinge (or rupture from head/neck trauma) the vertebral artery…; a calcification on the TOL? - on top of the dens of C2, which really puzzled him and he wondered if it has anything to do with my daily headaches – on right head rotation the calcification would slide up and around the dens; venous drainage down through the spinal column causing congestion bilaterally and occupying space – he thought it might collapse once the IJV are opened up. He thought I likely have a congested lymphatic system as well because of the venous drainage. C1 moves off C2 plenty; CSF leak is likely; left head rotation causes the odontoid to go off center quite a bit, but right head rotation makes the odontoids pretty much straighten up as they should be in neutral position; “both vertebral arteries are not tracking like you’d expect” in his words – what does that mean?? C2 is asymmetrical, possibly causing it to pull sideways. He said the headaches could also be from orthostatic venous pooling, though it seems like a package of numerous issues causing the symptoms.

In May of 2025, Pr. Scholbach in Leipzig, Germany diagnosed me as having May Thurner and Nutcracker compressions, and he found the left totally compressed jugular as well.

Now, symptoms and diagnoses aside, I wanted to comment a bit on the numerous meds mentioned here that folks have tried for migraines/headaches. My doctor had me try all sorts of Triptans, Agovy injections, numerous triptalenes, etc. The neurologist in August had me try Nurtec, because he was sure that was the answer. I might as well eat smarties for how well any of those worked for me – they DIDN’T work. Hydrocodone has been my crutch and it cuts that awful head pain. The headaches are back once it wears off, but at least it gives some bits of relief.

I had 4 PICL stem cell treatments with Dr. Centeno in CO, including PRP treatments in the same procedure as well as a hydrodissection to hopefully reduce nerve pain. I have not gotten relief from the headaches, though the PICL’s likely resolved the previous upper cervical instability …

We are waiting to hear from Dr. Hui in Hawaii and Dr. Hepworth in CO whether they can decompress the brachiocephalic compression or not. If it’s a no-go with them, then we are considering Pr. Sandmann in Dusseldorf, Germany to decompress it along with also doing the May Thurner and Nutcracker decompressions as well. He specializes in external vein decompressions, using a PTFE shield on the outside of the vein instead of stenting inside the vein.

Some screenshots yet from Dr. Middleton’s 3D CT scan:

This first one is of the brachiocephalic compression

Perhaps I should have started a new post instead of replying here. Feel free to move it if need be. I’d be interested in hearing your opinions on the imaging too!

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Welcome to our forum @GeorgiaKay! You sure have a lot going on in your cervical spine & below! I’m really glad you’ve been referred to Drs. Hui/Hepworth. They are an excellent team for more complex cases which yours definitely is. I’m so sorry for your terrible symptoms & that you’ve been dismissed by a doctor who should have been much more interested in your case & could have learned something from it.

The mobile calcification on your dens is very interesting. Did Dr. Middleton comment whether he thinks it could be removed? Your C2 vertebra is also quite unique, & I can see why it could be causing problems. We haven’t seen either of those situations on this forum previously.

As far as your imaging goes, it looks like Dr. Middleton gave you a very thorough analysis. One thing he didn’t comment on is the section of calcified stylohyoid ligament on your left side. Even though your left styloid isn’t very elongated, it is pretty thick & the separate section of calcified ligament is pretty long which means it can also be contributing to your symptoms. Your right styloid due to angle of growth & how pointed it is makes it very prone to contributing to your symptoms.

It appears you’ve lost your natural cervical lordotic curve & it may even be slightly reversed which can happen as the body compensates for the other things going on in your cervical spine but is commonly the result of poor posture &/or spending a lot of time looking down at a computer, cell phone, book when reading, etc. This can also occur naturally from all the things we do in front of us like washing dishes, doing laundry & other housework. It’s a correctible situation w/ gentle exercises, but it takes a lot of time. Having a straight cervical spine brings the styloids & greater horns of the hyoid into closer proximity w/ vascular tissues & nerves in the neck though another speculation is that losing the curve can be the body’s way of trying to make more room for compressed jugular veins to reopen.

Our member @TML has also suggested that CCI/AAI can be caused by muscle compensations in the neck which occur due to styloid elongation i.e. the small muscles which support the cervical spine become weak which causes other muscles to need to take over, but they can’t do their natural job & provide normal neck support w/ full success. We have several members w/ CCI who are beginning to work on re-strengthening the weaker supportive neck muscles to see if that helps alleviate cervical spine instability over time.
You may find the information in the following post interesting, however, I think it’s best for you not to try to change anything w/ your cervical spine until you’ve had a consult w/ Drs. Hui/Hepworth.


Annotated left styloid/calcified stylohyoid ligament


Possible slightly reversed lordotic curve

So I missed giving my symptoms, except for the chronic daily and often severe headaches. Other symptoms are brain fog, fainting and/or drop attacks, racing heart and heavy heart pounding, totally losing vision while staying fully alert – lasting minutes before slowly returning, noise sensitivity, especially in left ear. When phone is on speaker, or someone is talking beside me, the left ear goes “thump, thump, thump” with each word spoken, and pressure in ears, causing odd noises and temporary loss of hearing. I deal with POTS, CCI, ES, AAI… Also am temperature sensitive, to extremes. Exhaustion, searing knifing pain at base of skull, chronic vertigo/dizziness – everything rotates around me and nausea, vertigo worse when lying flat on back, like my body is spinning, worse with eyes closed. Head pressure, nasal drip and drainage in throat, weakness in arm that comes and goes, head thumping in occipital area with every heartbeat, smothery feeling on chest……… Sorry, it’s a big list, yet is what I’ve dealt with for so long, but since Sept. visit with Dr. Middleton, has started making sense. And the neurologist told me, “It’s all in your head”!! A lot of it IS in my head, but not all…

Thanks @Isaiah_40_31 for your opinions on the imaging. My husband read what you wrote about the left styloid, and agreed with your thoughts about it.

Did you catch it on the imaging that there are European artificial disc replacements at C3-5 and C6-7? C5-6 had a US fusion, which, while that level is still fused, the hardware was removed a couple years ago. I had 4 cervical spine surgeries from 2016-2022, so have been around the block a few times in our search for answers, including 3 surgeries in Europe – one in Germany and 2 in France.

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Ahhh…now I understand why your cervical spine looks like it does. I’m very sorry you’ve had to have all those fusions, but it sounds like it was a good excuse to travel. So sorry it wasn’t so much for pleasure though!

I honestly didn’t see the fusions but am thinking I see some indications in the image where I marked your cervical spine curve.

Drop attacks are somewhat common w/ Meniere’s Disease which I had, but thankfully, never had a drop attack. I did have a number of the hearing symtpoms you’ve described but most are gone now. Someone sent me a couple of minor research papers that suggested the symptoms of MD can be caused by IJV compression so 6 years after my two styloidectomies, I began researching to see if I had IJV compression. I did (was diagnosed on this forum since two radiologists & an interventional radiologist all told me my IJVs looked fine :face_with_bags_under_eyes:). Since Dr. Hepworth decompressed my left IJV last year, I’ve had no more vertigo issues & my hearing loss has stopped progressing. I still have hyperacusis but even that seems less severe than it once did.

The racing heart/heavy heart pounding are most likely being caused by your vagus nerve which is also likely being squashed along w/ your IJV(s) as the vagus travels through the neck along the same route & in close proximity to the IJVs.We’ve had members with terrible vagus nerve symptoms which resolved when their IJV(s) were decompressed.

Does the nasal drip/drainage in your taste metallic or salty? If so, those symptoms may be coming from a CSF leak. Arm weakness can be caused by the spinal accessory nerve being impinged by an elongated styloid & sometimes by carotid irritation. Vision loss is a vascular issue & more often related to the carotid artery than the IJV. Usually w/ IJV compression there are visual changes like visual snow, depth perception dysfunction, visual distortion which can be caused by papilledema. Have you had your eyes checked by an ophthalmologist recently?

I believe getting your jugular veins decompressed will help a lot with the symptoms you’ve described above, though I have to say that some of them sound like they could be related to internal/external carotid artery compression or irritation, too. Did Dr. Middleton make any comments about that?

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Wow, you have alot going on, unfortunately! It sounds like Dr Middleton is extremely thorough with his scans & diagnosis, I have just added his name to our list for that, he certainly spots things that most radiologists would miss!
I had bilateral IJV compression, some of your symptoms do align with that, but also vagus nerve compression as @Isaiah_40_31 says. Did he look at the carotid arteries at all? The vagus nerve could be involved with fainting issues but we do see that with carotid artery irritation/ compression… And just wondering if he looked at your hyoid bone as well? The hyoid processes look pretty long & very pointed too, so wondering if they could be involved in carotid artery impingement?
I hope that Dr Hui or Dr Hepworth can give you some answers & can offer surgery to save you going to Germany!

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Yes, Dr. Middleton does quite well with imaging and diagnosing. I forgot to mention when his tech put the contrast in the right arm, my vein blew and all the contrast went into the flesh (very swollen, hard & painful for about 48 hours). So Dr. Middleton said they’ll put the contrast in the left arm, which he almost never does… When he went over the imaging with us later, he said the blood flowed retrograde as it went to the brain, and flowed through the external jugular and not through the internal jugular at all. And then as the blood flowed to the heart, it was restricted… So that was interesting to us, adding to the complexity of it all.

The other big thing I forgot to mention, which puts a couple more stars behind Dr. Middleton’s name is the amount of time he spent with us when we saw him in FL. We went to get the imaging done at 7:00 Wednesday morning, which only took several minutes once I was on the table, and the IV was in and contrast flowing correctly. Then we met with him at 11:00 AM that same day to go over the imaging with him, and to get adjustments done, etc.

Now here’s the 10-star review (in our minds) about Dr. Middleton: He spent the rest of the day from 11 on till 6 PM, working with me, trying to stabilize things. The next day we met at 9 and were with him all day till 4:45 PM. He saw no other patients in those two days! We asked him why and he said when he gets difficult cases like mine (he knew ahead of time a little of what we’d gone through previously), he blocks out 2-3 whole days to spend with the patient. He said when unusual or difficult cases come, he likes to focus WITHOUT distractions. What doctor takes time like that with his patients?? Not the neurologist we saw! Remember he said to go research the symptoms and Headaches versus migraines on ChatGPT!? Originally we had planned to spend 3 days with Dr. Middleton but then his CT tech came down with Covid and so he pushed our appointment out one day. She wasn’t any better by the day we arrived so he stepped a different CT tech through exactly how he wanted the scan done, in fact, it was Dr. Middleton who popped his head in the door and said, “Now turn to the left. Now jut your chin forward…………”

So if any of you are struggling to find answers to head/neck pain along with symptoms similar to what I experienced, consider seeing Dr. Middleton. Also check out his some of his videos where he goes over CT scan imaging with different patients – it’s very intriguing, and is what sold us on going to him to help us hopefully find more answers. He found reasons for the pain and referred us on for further help!

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Thank you for sharing your experience w/ Dr. Middleton, @GeorgiaKay. All I can say is WOW!! He’s definitely a “rare bird”. :blush:

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@Hamela has posted the video he did of her scans and showing everything going on, he’s a good find! :smiley:

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